Grammar Simple Present and Past

COMPLEJO EDUCATIVO REPARTO VALLE NUEVO SIMPLE PRESENT AND SIMPLE PAST TENSE master English Students Andrade Ramos, Maria Emeli Argueta Moran, Leslie Evelyn Ceron Escobar, Maura Elena Escobar Caceres, Marjorie Naydine Romero Regalado, Leticia Yamileth Grade11th appointment due to Tuesday, April 9th, 2013 Simple Present Tense Grammatical Structures Subject+Auxiliary verb+main verb (do) (base) There are three important exceptions * For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary. * For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives. * Afirmative Subject + Verb(Present) + Complement. Examples 1. I play tennis. 2. He dances salsa music. 3. They eat breakfast. 4. The boy goes to school. 5. You need help. * Negative Subject + Auxiliary (Do not/ does not) + Verb (Base form) + Complement. Examples 1. I dont play tennis. 2. He doesnt dance salsa music. 3. The y dont eat breakfast. 4. The boy doesnt go to school. 5. You dont need help. * Interrogative Questions (yes/no) Auxiliary (Do/does)+ Subject + Verb (Base form) + Complement. Examples . Do you play tennis? 2. Does he dance salsa music? 3. Do they eat breakfast? 4. Does the boy go to school? 5. Do you need help? * reading Questions WH Question Word + Auxiliary(Do/does) + Subject + Verb(Base form) + Complement. Examples 1. When do you play tennis? 2. Why does he dance salsa music? 3. What do they eat for breakfast? 4. How does the boy go to school? 5. When do you need help? Use We use the position simple stress when * the action is general. * the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the noncurrent, present and future. * the action is not only happening now. the statement is always true. Examples 1. The train leaves of all timey morning at 8 AM. 2. Cats like milk. 3. The party starts at 8 oclock. 4. He has his passport in his hand. Time Expressions We often use some adver bs of frequency with the simple present tense up to state how often somebody does something. Adverbs normally used with the simple present tense are always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely and never. Note that the adverbs of frequency usually go before the verb. Structure Subjetc + Adverb + verb (present) + complement. Examples 1. He often visits his grandparents. 2.I usually drop dead up early. 3. She always carries an umbrella. 4. He never gets angry. 5. I sometimes read foreign periodicals. 6. They rarely watch TV. 7. She frequently buys detective stories. Simple sometime(prenominal) Tense Grammatical Structures Subject+Auxiliary verb+main verb (did) (base) In general, if we say the time or place of the event, we must use the past simple tense we cannot use the present perfect. * Affirmative Subject + Verb(Past) + Complement. Examples 1. You swam in the pool. 2. She got up early. 3. They began to sing. 4. Karla studied for her test. 5. I understood the class. Negative Subject + Auxiliary(did not) + Verb (Base form) + Complement. Examples 1. You didnt swim in the pool. 2. She didnt got up early. 3. They didnt begin to sing. 4. Karla didnt study for her test. 5. I didnt understand the class. * Interrogative Questions (yes/no) Auxiliary (Did)+ Subject + Verb (Base form) + Complement. Examples 1. Did you swim in the pool?. 2. Did she get up early?. 3. Did they begin to sing?. 4. Did Karla study for her test?. 5. Did you understand the class?. * Information Questions WH Question Word + Auxiliary (Did) + Subject + Verb(Base form) + Complement.Examples 1. When did you swim in the pool?. 2. Why did she get up early?. 3. What did they begin to sing?. 4. When did Karla study for her test?. 5. How did you understand the class?. Uses We use the past simple tense to talk about an action or a situation an event in the past. The event can be short or long. We use the past simple tense when * the event is in the past. * the event is completely finishe d. * we say (or understand) the time and/or place of the event. * to list a series of completed actions in the past. Examples 1. I saw a movie yesterday. 2.I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. 3. I lived in Brazil for two years. 4. He contend the violin. 5. She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing. Expressions Structure Subject + verb (past) + complement+ time adverbial. Or Subject + adverb + verb (past) + complement. Common time expressions (time adverbials) in the Simple past are * * yesterday * the other day * just now * the day before yesterday * always * only * never * ever * still * just Examples 1. I cleaned the sink yesterday. 2. She hung out with her friends the other day. 3. They always spoke English.